使用docker-compose搭建Prometheus+Grafana监控系统

角色分配

• Prometheus 采集数据
• Grafana 用于图表展示
• redis_exporter 用于收集redis的metrics
• node-exporter 用于收集操作系统和硬件信息的metrics
• cadvisor 用于收集docker的相关metrics

安装Docker

我通常使用如下命令安装最新版的docker

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo && yum install -y docker-ce && systemctl enable docker.service && service docker start

安装Docker-Compose

可以使用如下命令安装最新版的docker-compose

curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

在安装过程中下载时间需要40分钟，仅仅15M的东西，所以可以通过如下方式手动下载：

echo "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m`"

输出如下：

https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.1/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64

点击下载，完成后上传到服务器上，然后执行如下命令：

mv docker-compose-Linux-x86_64 /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

部署Prometheus和Grafana

新增Prometheus配置文件

首先，创建/data/prometheus/目录，然后创建prometheus.yml，填入如下内容：

global:
  scrape_interval:     15s
  evaluation_interval: 15s

alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets: ['10.0.0.101:9093']

rule_files:
  - "node_down.yml"

scrape_configs:

  - job_name: 'prometheus'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['10.0.0.101:9090']

  - job_name: 'node'
    scrape_interval: 8s
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['10.0.0.101:9100', '10.0.0.102:9100']

  - job_name: 'cadvisor'
    scrape_interval: 8s
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['10.0.0.101:8088', '10.0.0.102:8088']

接着创建node_down.yml,添加如下内容：

groups:
- name: node_down
  rules:
  - alert: InstanceDown
    expr: up == 0
    for: 1m
    labels:
      user: test
    annotations:
      summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down"
      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 1 minutes."

创建docker-compose

继续在/data/prometheus/目录中创建docker-compose-prometheus.yml,添加如下内容：

version: '2'

networks:
    monitor:
        driver: bridge

services:
    prometheus:
        image: prom/prometheus
        container_name: prometheus
        hostname: prometheus
        restart: always
        volumes:
            - /data/prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
            - /data/prometheus/node_down.yml:/etc/prometheus/node_down.yml
        ports:
            - "9090:9090"
        networks:
            - monitor

    grafana:
        image: grafana/grafana
        container_name: grafana
        hostname: grafana
        restart: always
        ports:
            - "3000:3000"
        networks:
            - monitor

    node-exporter:
        image: quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter
        container_name: node-exporter
        hostname: node-exporter
        restart: always
        ports:
            - "9100:9100"
        networks:
            - monitor

    cadvisor:
        image: google/cadvisor:latest
        container_name: cadvisor
        hostname: cadvisor
        restart: always
        volumes:
            - /:/rootfs:ro
            - /var/run:/var/run:rw
            - /sys:/sys:ro
            - /var/lib/docker/:/var/lib/docker:ro
        ports:
            - "8088:8080"
        networks:
            - monitor

创建客户端的 docker-compose (docker02)

继续在 /data/prometheus/ 目录中创建 docker-compose.yml, 添加如下内容：

version: '2'

networks:
    monitor:
        driver: bridge

services:
    node-exporter:
        image: quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter
        container_name: node-exporter
        hostname: node-exporter
        restart: always
        ports:
            - "9100:9100"
        networks:
            - monitor

    cadvisor:
        image: google/cadvisor:latest
        container_name: cadvisor
        hostname: cadvisor
        restart: always
        volumes:
            - /:/rootfs:ro
            - /var/run:/var/run:rw
            - /sys:/sys:ro
            - /var/lib/docker/:/var/lib/docker:ro
        ports:
            - "8088:8080"
        networks:
            - monitor

启动docker-compose

使用下面的命令启动docker-compose定义的容器

[root@docker01 prometheus]# docker-compose -f docker-compose-prometheus.yml up -d
[root@docker02 ~]# docker-compose up -d

输入如下内容即代表启动成功：

Creating network "prometheus_monitor" with driver "bridge"
Creating cadvisor       ... done
Creating prometheus     ... done
Creating node-exporter  ... done
Creating redis_exporter ... done
Creating grafana        ... done

也可通过docker ps命令查看是否启动成功。如果要关闭并删除以上5个容器，只需要执行如下命令即可：

docker-compose -f /data/prometheus/docker-compose-monitor.yml down

同样也会输出如下日志：

Stopping cadvisor       ... done
Stopping node-exporter  ... done
Stopping grafana        ... done
Stopping redis_exporter ... done
Stopping prometheus     ... done
Removing cadvisor       ... done
Removing node-exporter  ... done
Removing grafana        ... done
Removing redis_exporter ... done
Removing prometheus     ... done
Removing network prometheus_monitor

打开 http://10.0.0.101/targets ，如果State都是UP即代表Prometheus工作正常，如下图所示：

当然，我第一次安装时只有一个是UP的，造成这个问题的主要原因是因为CentOS7的防火墙firewall导致的，将对应的端口添加到防火墙策略里即可：

java复制代码firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9100/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8088/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9121/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3000/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9090/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

可通过如下命令查看端口策略是否已经生效

java
复制代码firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --list-ports

配置Grafana

打开http://10.0.0.101:3000 使用默认账号密码admin/admin登录并修改密码后(admin123)，默认进来是创建数据库的页面，在如下图所示中，选择Prometheus。

选择完成后，打开新的页面，在HTTP的URL中输入Prometheus的地址http://10.0.0.101:9000 并且将Access由Server更换为Browser，因为跨域的问题Server无法使用。点击保存并测试。

现在数据源已经接通了，只剩下漂亮的报表了，在 TP 中搜索需要的Dashboard模版，并将其json文件下载下来。

• docker模板
  在Grafana菜单栏中第一个+号中，选择import

将其上传后，选择prom为Prometheus也就是配置Prometheus是的Name的值，点击保存即可。等待一会儿就会出现如下界面：就说明成功了。